Assignment#1(physics)
1.Coulombs law-The interaction
between charged objects is a non-contact force that acts over some distance of
separation. Charge, charge and distance. Every electrical interaction involves
a force that highlights the importance of these three variables.
2. Electricity-- is the set of physical phenomena associated with the presence
and flow of electric charge. Electricity gives a wide variety
of well-known effects, such as lightning, static electricity,
electromagnetic induction and electrical current.
3. electric current-- is a flow of electric charge. In electric circuits this charge is often carried
by moving electrons in a wire. It can also be carried by ions in an
electrolyte, or by both ions and electrons such as in a plasma.
4. An elastic modulus,
or modulus
of elasticity,- is a number that
measures an object or substance's resistance to being deformed elastically (non-permanently)
when a force is applied to it.
5. proton -is a subatomic particle, symbol p or p+, with a positive electric charge of +1e elementary chargeand
mass slightly less than that of a neutron. Protons and neutrons, each with mass approximately one atomic mass unit, are
collectively referred to as "nucleons". One or more protons are present in the nucleus of anatom.
6. newton- is the Standard International (SI) unit of force. In
physics and engineering documentation, the term newton(s) is
usually abbreviated N.
7. electron (symbol: e−) is a
subatomic particle with a negative elementary electric charge. Electrons belong to the first generation of the
lepton particle family, and are generally thought to be elementary particles
because they have no known components or substructure.
8. electronic circuit- is composed of
individualelectronic components, such as resistors, transistors,
capacitors, inductors and diodes, connected by conductive wires or traces
through which electric current
can flow.
9. Ohm's law- states that the current through a conductor between two points
is directly proportionalto the potential difference across the two
points. Introducing the constant of proportionality, theresistance,[1] one arrives at the usual mathematical
equation that describes this relationship:
10. Magnetism -is a class of
physical phenomena that are mediated by magnetic fields.
Electric currents and the fundamental magnetic moments of elementary
particles give rise to a magnetic field, which acts on other currents and
magnetic moments.
11. insulator- is a material whose
internal electric charges do not flow freely, and therefore make it very hard
to conduct an electric current under the influence of an electric field.
12. conductor- is an object or type
of material that permits the flow of electric charges in one or more
directions. For example, a wire is an electrical conductor that can carry electricity along its
length.
13. A magnetic
field- is the magnetic
influence of electric currents and magnetic materials. The magnetic field at any given point is
specified by both a directionand a magnitude (or
strength); as such it is a vector field.
14. magnetic flux- (often denoted Φ or
ΦB) through a surface is the surface integral of the normal component of the magnetic field B passing through that surface.
The SI unit of magnetic flux is
the weber (Wb) (in derived units: volt-seconds), and the CGS unit is the
maxwell.
15. Electronics- deals with electrical
circuits that involve active electrical componentssuch as vacuum tubes, transistors, diodes and integrated
circuits, and associated
passive electrical components and interconnection technologies.
16.the law ofmagnetisism-.
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Like poles repel and unlike poles
attract each other. This is the universal rule of magnets.
·
Equality of poles of magnets: As the molecules are
arranged in the lines of magnetized state of a substance, there are like
poles on either side of the neutral region. The pole strength at the two ends
of a magnet is always equal in magnitude but opposite in nature.
·
Inseparability of poles: If a bar magnet is
actually cut into two parts, each part becomes an independent magnet having
two opposite poles.
·
Retention of magnetization: Long bar magnets
retain their magnetism longer than short bar magnets, e.g., Horse-shoe and
U-shape magnets. A magnet with enlarged pole pieces forming closed rings in
round or square metal cases retain their magnetization for a longer time.
·
Demagnetization of magnets: en a
magnet is subjected to hammering, heating or twisting, or any such raw
handling, its strength is impaired because such actions partially break down
the linear arrangement of molecules. However, such demagnetized magnet can be
re-mWhagnetized.
·
Safe custody of magnets: Magnets are kept in pairs with two ends of
the pieces of soft iron strips called ‘keepers’ placed across them. It helps
to complete the magnetic circuit so there are no free poles to lose their
strength.
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